Protective effect of curcumin analogue L6H4 on diaphragm of type 2 diabetic rats

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of curcumin analogue L6H4 on diaphragm of type 2 diabetic rats.METHODS: SPF male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=40) were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control (NC) group, high fat (HF) group, high fat+L6H4 treatment (FT) group, diabetes mellitus (DM) group and DM+L6H4 treatment (DT) group. The rats in the later 4 groups were fed with high-fat diet. After 4 weeks of high-fat diet fee-ding, the rats in DM and DT groups were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin to induce type 2 diabetes melliutus. The rats in FT and DT groups were given L6H4 by gavage for 8 weeks. Blood glucose and blood lipid levels were detected biochemically. Fasting serum insulin (FINS) level was measured by radioimmunoassay and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Serum adiponectin (APN) level was measured by ELISA. The morphological changes of the diaphragm were observed under light and transmission electron microscopes. Lipid deposition and the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and NADH-tetrazolium reductase (NADH-TR) were observed by enzyme histochemical staining. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the diaphragm were measured by thiobarbituric acid method and hydroxylamine method, respectively. The protein expression of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) in the diaphragm was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS: The levels of blood lipids, blood glucose, FINS and HOMA-IR in HF and DM groups were higher than those in NC group, but decreased after L6H4 treatment. The serum APN level in HF and DM groups was lower than that in NC group, but increased after treatment with L6H4. The muscle fibers of the diaphragm were shrunk, fat particles accumulated in the muscle fibers, and the mitochondria were slightly swollen in HF and DM groups. The diaphragmatic fibrosis was obvious in DM group. These lesions were relieved after L6H4 treatment. Compared with NC group, the level of MDA and the activity of SDH and NADH-TR in the diaphragm were increased in HF and DM groups, but decreased after treatment with L6H4. The activity of SOD and the expression of AdipoR1 in the diaphragm were lower than those in NC group, but increased after L6H4 treatment.CONCLUSION: The curcumin analogue L6H4 exerts a protective effect on diaphragm in type 2 diabetic rats. The strengthened protein expression of AdipoR1, the increased serum level of APN, and anti-lipid peroxidation may be involved in the process.     

云南省食用菌产业技术标准体系建设研究

分析了食用菌标准化现状，归纳目前食用菌标准体系存在的主要问题，提出云南省食用菌标准体系建设的原则与依据，按照产前、产中、产后划分标准类别，构建云南省食用菌产业技术标准体系。     

施用羊粪对多花黑麦草生产性能和氮素生产效率的影响

为了探讨羊粪施用量对多花黑麦草生产性能和氮素生产效率的影响,以3个多花黑麦草品种为材料,采用5种羊粪施用梯度进行田间试验。结果表明:在0~60 t/hm2范围内,随着羊粪施用量的增加,多花黑麦草的分蘖数、株高、产量、粗蛋白含量均能显著提高,但氮素的生产效率逐步降低,且3个品种间的差异不显著(P0.05);证实3个品种均适合利用羊粪种植,在多次刈割条件下,最佳羊粪施用量为45~60 t/hm2(折合纯氮778.5~1038 kg/hm2)。     

大麦株高及其构成因素的杂种优势和配合力分析

选用7个株高差异比较明显的啤酒大麦品种(系)为亲本,按照Griffing双列杂交方法 II配制21个杂交组合,2年重复试验,分析大麦株高及其构成因素的杂种优势和配合力关系。结果表明:株高及其构成因素的杂种优势均存在广泛的变异,除倒1节间长度外,其余节间长度的平均优势均为负值,倒3,4节间长平均优势最大;株高及其构成因素的遗传同时存在显著的加性效应和非加性效应,以加性效应为主;苏啤3号和港啤2号的株高及各节间长一般配合力效应值均表现为较明显的负向效应,其在育种工作中对改良啤用大麦后代株高结构有良好的作用;品系连0719穗长一般配合力具有较大的正向效应,在改善穗长性状育种中具有一定的利用价值。除倒5节间长外,杂种组合扬农啤5号×苏引麦2号、港啤1号×苏啤3号、苏引麦2号×苏啤3号的各节间长均表现为较明显的负向效应,其穗长均表现为正向效应,可作为选育矮秆或半矮秆大麦品种的较优组合;株高及其构成因素具有较高的遗传力,表型变异受环境影响较小,宜早代选择。     

具有风险相依结构的平衡信度估计

在保险实务中，风险之间具有一定的相依结构. 通过考虑保费的目标估计来对风险保费进行了研究，采用正交投影的方法求解了最优问题，在平衡损失函数下得到了风险等相关的齐次和非齐次信度估计. 结果表明得到的信度估计具有经典信度模型的加权形式.     

Effect of hypercapnia on lysyl oxidase-dependent collagen cross-linking and hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in rat

AIM: To investigate the effect of hypercapnia on hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension and the changes of lysyl oxidase (LOX) and extracellular matrix collagen cross-links in the rat. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:normoxia group, hypoxia group, hypercapnia group and hypoxia+hypercapnia group. LOX activity was detected by fluorescence spectrophotometry. LOX protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The mRNA expression of LOX in the pulmonary artery was detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS: The levels of mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), RV/(LV+S) and WA/TA in hypoxia group were significantly higher than those in normoxia group (P<0.01). Moreover, the levels of mPAP and RV/(LV+S) in hypoxia+hypercapnia group were significantly lower than those in hypoxia group (P<0.01). However, no significant difference of mPAP and RV/(LV+S) between hypercapnia group and normoxia group was observed. In hypoxia group, the collagen cross-links in the lung tissue was significantly higher than that in normoxia group and hypercapnia group (P<0.01). Importantly, collagen cross-links in the lung tissue of hypoxia+hypercapnia group was significantly lower than that in hypoxia group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in collagen cross-links between hypercapnia group and normoxia group. The expression of LOX at mRNA and protein levels and its activity in the pulmonary arteries of hypoxia group were significantly increased as compared with normoxia group (P<0.01). Furthermore, the expression of LOX at mRNA and protein levels and its activity in the pulmonary arteries in hypoxia+hypercapnia group were lower than those in hypoxia group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Hypoxia not only up-regulates LOX but also promotes collagen cross-linking in the rat lung, which contributes to the development of pulmonary hypertension. Hypercapnia inhibits hypoxia-induced LOX expression and collagen cross-linking, therefore impairing the progress in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension.     

贵州省黔东南地区草地贪夜蛾寄生性天敌资源调查初报

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda(J. E. Smith)于2019年5月入侵贵州黔东南地区,严重威胁当地农业生态。黔东南地区丰富的生物资源是挖掘草地贪夜蛾自然天敌的重要基础。为明确黔东南地区草地贪夜蛾天敌的发生情况,2019年5月至7月,采用五点取样法对选取的3个地点开展调查。结果表明,草地贪夜蛾在黔东南地区的主要寄生性天敌有5类,分别为白僵菌属、绿僵菌属、茧蜂科、姬蜂科和黑卵蜂属昆虫,寄生率最高分别为45.50%、57.00%、3.00%、20.00%和12.50%,寄生草地贪夜蛾幼虫期4种天敌综合控制力最高达96.50%。本研究可为草地贪夜蛾天敌资源挖掘与利用提供重要参考。     

辣椒花药开放式培养及不同基因型对花药培养的影响

为了创新花药培养方法,并用于筛选出再生频率较高的辣椒品种,通过改进花蕾灭菌和花药接种方式,以及向NTH培养基中添加抑菌剂,建立了1种辣椒花药开放式培养的方法,具体内容为:对剥去3/4花萼的花蕾灭菌时更易杀死花蕾表面细菌和内生菌;徒手挤压花药降低了对花药的伤害,且花蕾接种速度为镊子夹取处理的2.18倍;添加25 mg/L的氨苄青霉素和25 mg/L的两性霉素B可使花药染菌率降低至1.42%;简化了培养环节,可用于大规模胚状体诱导和双单倍体植株的获得。同时,比较了23个辣椒品种的花药培养效果,筛选到了3个再生频率高的辣椒品种,分别为博辣红牛、H15和辣八螺丝王。     

食用型紫心甘薯新品种湘紫薯174 的选育

湘紫薯174 是以浙紫薯1 号为母本、浙紫薯3 号为父本杂交选育而成的食用型紫心甘薯新品种，薯块纺锤形，薯皮 紫红色，薯肉紫色，结薯较集中整齐，单株结薯4～5 个，大中薯率82.7% 以上，熟食味好，抗黑斑病，中抗根腐病、茎线 虫病和薯瘟病；每667 m² 鲜薯产量1 913～2 359 kg，薯干产量549～736 kg；花青素含量为714.5 mg · kg^-1（FW）。适宜在湖 南、湖北、江西、江苏、浙江等地春夏薯区种植。